The Glutamine Info Thread

[hrdgain81]

Just want you to know its apreciated man, you always bring a wealth of knowledge to the table.

[Eric3237]

Hey I know and I appreciate it man. BTW, it just occurs to me that one or two of those immune studies were some that Slayer had posted on that link I provided.

[Eric3237]

Thought this was relevant here. It's about supplemental control of immunodepression in athletes. A review of 45 studies.

Full paper here

Review
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2007) 61, 443–460. doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602549; published online 29 November 2006

Nutritional modulation of exercise-induced immunodepression in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Guarantor: A Moreira.

Contributors: TH, AM, LD contributed to the conception and design of the study. AM and JF were responsible for data acquisition. All the authors contributed to interpretation of results. AM drafted the article. All authors approved the final version for publication.

A Moreira1,2, R A Kekkonen3,4, L Delgado1, J Fonseca2,5, R Korpela3,4,6 and T Haahtela7

1Laboratory of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
2Immuno-allergology, Hospital of São João, Porto, Portugal
3Institute of Biomedicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
4Valio Ltd, R&D, Helsinki, Finland
5Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
6Foundation for Nutrition Research, Helsinki, Finland
7Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
Correspondence: Dr A Moreira, Laboratory of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4202 Porto, Portugal. E-mail: andremoreira@med.up.pt

Received 2 September 2005; Revised 8 August 2006; Accepted 14 August 2006; Published online 29 November 2006.

Background: Heavy exercise induces marked immunodepression that is multifactorial in origin. Nutrition can modulate normal immune function.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of nutritional supplements in exercise-induced immunodepression in athletes.

Design: Systematic review.

Review methods: Randomised and/or controlled trials of athletes undertaking nutritional supplements to minimise the immunodepression after exercise were retrieved. The primary outcome measure was incidence of upper respiratory tract (URT) illness symptoms after exercise, and secondary outcomes included cortisol, cell counts, plasma cytokine concentration, cell proliferative response, oxidative burst, natural killer cell activity and immunoglobulins. When data were available for a pooled estimate of the effect of intervention, meta-analyses were conducted for direct comparisons.

Results: Forty-five studies were included (1603 subjects). The studies were heterogeneous in terms of exercise interventions, selection of athletes, settings and outcomes. The overall methodological quality of most of the trials was poor. Twenty studies addressed carbohydrate supplementation, eight glutamine, 13 vitamin C and four others interventions. Three trials assessed the effect of intervention on prevention of URT infections. The pooled rate ratio for URT infections after vitamin C supplementation against placebo was 0.49 (0.34–0.71). Carbohydrate supplementation attenuated the increase in cortisol and neutrophils after exercise; vitamin C attenuated the decrease in lymphocytes after exercise. No other interventions had significant or consistent effect on any of the studied outcomes.

Conclusions: Although the prevention of URT infections by vitamin C was supported by two trials, further studies are needed. The available evidence failed to support a role for other nutritional supplements in preventing exercise-induced immune suppression. Larger trials with clinically relevant and uniform end points are necessary to clarify the role of these nutritional interventions.

[Pitysister]

i was just gonna post a thread on glut...since i saw it in the cupboard....did a search instead. guess i can let that little mini jug of glut just sit there